When the sun is lower in the sky, the light gets more spread out over the surface of the earth, and less heat (per square centimeter) can be absorbed. When the sun is overhead, the light is falling straight on you, and so more light (and more heat) hit each square centimeter of the ground. In other words, the amount of light per square centimeter drops (the number of square centimeters increases, while the total amount of light stays the same). All the light is still in that ellipse, but the ellipse is spread out over more paper. Now slowly tilt the paper, so the circle elongates into an ellipse. All the light from the flashlight is in that circle. Shine the light from the flashlight straight onto the paper, so you see an illuminated circle. Why should this tilt of the Earth's axis matter to our weather? To understand this, take a piece of paper and a flashlight.

This means that on this date, day and night have about the same length: 12 hours each, more or less. Midway between these two times, in spring and autumn, the spin axis of the earth points 90 degrees away from the sun. Since the tilt of the axis is 23 1/2 degrees, the North Pole never points directly at the Sun, but on the summer solstice it points as close as it can, and on the winter solstice as far as it can. When the earth's axis points away, winter can be expected. When the earth's axis points towards the sun, it is summer for that hemisphere.

The earth's spin axis is tilted with respect to its orbital plane.

As the earth spins on its axis, producing night and day, it also moves about the sun in an elliptical (elongated circle) orbit that requires about 365 1/4 days to complete.

How do flat earthers explain seasons